Early Puberty Puberty, Consumerism / Complex Shift, Peer...

Thesis A major concern that has crept up on our nation, is children maturing at a rapid pace. Parents like me, are able to experience this it first-hand. In order to understand why our children are blossoming at an accelerated rate, we must examine the sources of the issue. In the following I will expand on four main reasons that I believe are the reasons for children developing earlier; early puberty, consumerism/complex shift, peer pressure, and technology. Early Puberty Early puberty has been observed more in young ladies than in young gentlemen. The typical age of a girl beginning puberty has declined. In the early 1900s girl started their periods between the ages of fourteen and fifteen. A little over one hundred years later,†¦show more content†¦When girls go through puberty their bodies transform, both inside and out. Girls tend to gain weight, a bust, begin to have body odor, body hair, and start the menstrual cycle. These girls are going through these changes before everyone else their age and are subjected to ridicule. Insults about being overweight, or having a large chest can really harm a young girls mental image of herself. Getting questioned about smelling bad, or the reason they have feminine hygiene products in their locker, can be tough questions for a tween to face on their own. There is this pressure to be the like as everyone else, and when they do not fit the status quo, they can get made a spectacle. Technology Technological advances have placed technology into the hands of our children at an unexpectedly young age. For some reasons, such as education, technology can be a good thing. those children who use technology for this purpose can have incredible advantages over their peers. These toys, games and television shows are meant to have adult supervision and age restrictions. However, there are two sides to every coin, and by allowing children unlimited time with technology is where it can cause issues. For example, your eleven-year-old child has a television in their bedroom. You do not give them any instructions as to what they are permitted to

Analysis Of The Movie Patch Adams - 921 Words

Medical ethics could be considered a really broad spectrum that dictates the healthcare system. Defined as a system of moral principles that apply values and judgments to the practice of medicine. This however, can become quite tricky when deciding what is morally correct to one person to another. The movie Patch Adams deals firsthand with an aspect of medical ethics. The movie displays Robin Williams as the main character, Patch Adams, as a medical student who believes treating patients with happiness is the best way to help them. (Patch Adams, Tom Shadyac) The movie starts out with the main character Hunter Patch Adams entering himself into mental institution after having suicidal thoughts. His perspective on life soon changes when he realizes his passion is helping others feel better by using humor. Soon after Patch enrolls in a Virginia medical school where he encounters numerous problems with his view on healing people versus the college s professional outlook. In particular, the school s Dean has some major strife with Patch. He believes in a strict and business like approach in treating patients whereas, Patch believes humor can heal patients better. Patch may have been on to something since science itself claims laughter is good for the human body. For one, decreasing the pain you feel and helping your blood vessels to function better; allowing them to expand which increases blood flow. All of which is good for the heart and brain. (Hara Estroff Marano,Show MoreRelatedAnalysis of The Movie Patch Adams using Communication Models.1947 Words   |  8 PagesThe analysis of the movie Patch Adams: Is humor the best medicine? Patch Adams is a movie that is based on a true story. It is about a man who has experienced many things in his lifetime, from being institutionalized in a psychiatric ward of a hospital to being a well-respected doctor that heals and calms many people with humor. This movie portrays many aspects of health communication that we have discussed in this class, and it also accurately represents one of the debates currently taking placeRead MoreLiterary And Non Literary Works1721 Words   |  7 PagesLiterary Non literary works â€Å"A Brave and Startling Truth Keep Holding On Patch Adams Literary Work A Brave and Startling Truth By: Maya Angelou Music Keep Holding On By: Avril Lavigne, 2007 Film Patch Adams, 1998 The Brave and Startling Truth This poem was written by Maya Angelou in 1995 Summary In this poem that paints a picture of how it can be when the fight is over. When we lower our weapons and stop reaching for them and look at the outcome of the fight. This poem is tellingRead MoreMovie Reflection2707 Words   |  11 PagesWhat is in your movie? ENG 225 Hannah Judson March 15, 2010 What is in your movie? How does one analysis a movie? How does one watch a movie? What are you looking for in the movie? 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Many feel frustrated because the patien ts have been using treatment which may beRead MoreThe Entrpreneurship5905 Words   |  24 Pagesproduct lines, hire her parents and give a portion of her profits back to the community. Adam Witty, a college student, observed his father repeatedly giving up (season) tickets to Orlando Magic games that often went unused because of last minute business commitments. That sparked the idea for a Web-based company that allows buyers to securely purchase tickets to events that normally would not be available. Adam started the company from his dorm room, was able to utilize the facilities of his schoolRead MoreThe Entrpreneurship5916 Words   |  24 Pagesproduct lines, hire her parents and give a portion of her profits back to the community. Adam Witty, a college student, observed his father repeatedly giving up (season) tickets to Orlando Magic games that often went unused because of last minute business commitments. That sparked the idea for a Web-based company that allows buyers to sec urely purchase tickets to events that normally would not be available. Adam started the company from his dorm room, was able to utilize the facilities of his schoolRead More65 Successful Harvard Business School Application Essays 2nd Edition 147256 Words   |  190 PagesBUSINESS SCHOOL HARVARD SUCCESSFUL 65 APPLICATION SECOND EDITION E S S AY S APPLICATION BUSINESS SCHOOL HARVARD SUCCESSFUL 65 ECSNS A IYI O N S SE O D ED T With Analysis by the Staff of The Harbus, the Harvard Business School Newspaper ST. MARTIN’S GRIFFIN NEW YORK 65 SUCCESSFUL HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL APPLICATION ESSAYS, SECOND EDITION. Copyright  © 2009 byThe Harbus News Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of AmericaRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesfollowing classification of cases by subject matter to be helpful. I thank those of you who made this and other suggestions. Classification of Cases by Major Marketing Topics Topics Most Relevant Cases Marketing Research and Consumer Analysis Coca-Cola, Disney, McDonald’s, Google, Starbucks Product Starbucks, Nike, Coke/Pepsi, McDonald’s, Maytag, Dell, Hewlett-Packard, Newell Rubbermaid, DaimlerChrysler, Kmart/Sears, Harley-Davidson, Boeing/Airbus, Merck, Boston Beer, Firestone/FordRead MoreAccounting Information System Chapter 1137115 Words   |  549 Pageshelpful to the users of annual reports. 1-6 Accounting Information Systems Other than the financial statements and accompanying footnotes, an annual report provides information concerning  ·  ·  ·  ·  ·  · Managements discussion and analysis of results. Organizational objectives, strategies, and managements outlook for the future. Board of Directors members and the officers and top management of the organization. Segment data and performance information. New initiatives and researchRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 Pagessituations, but keep in mind that the larger case studies, such as Convin Corporation and The Blue Spider Project, could have been listed under several topics. Several of the cases and situations have seed questions provided to assist the reader in the analysis of the case. An instructor s manual is available from John Wiley Sons, Inc., to faculty members who adopt the book for classroom use. Almost all of the case studies are factual. In most circumstances, the cases and situations have been taken from

A Self Care Plan to Prevent Compassion Fatigue free essay sample

However, to believe that life is all about these positive moments and that the battles you join in with others to overcome will not have an impact on you as a person, is wishful thinking at best. Undoubtedly, the day will come when we experience some form negative impact on our own mental health. That is, unless, proper self-care is practiced on an ongoing basis. Those in the helping field are at a great risk of what has been termed â€Å"compassion fatigue. † On a continuum with burnout, compassion fatigue is a step over and both â€Å"burnout and compassion fatigue puts both the health care workers and their patients at risk† (Portnoy, 2011, p. 7). What follows is an outline of what compassion fatigue is, along with common signs, symptoms and risk factors. Following that is a self-assessment of personal risk factors and a self-care plan designed to assist in assuring that the risk of compassion fatigue is reduced in my professional career. Understanding Compassion Fatigue Compassion fatigue falls on a continuum of experiences associated with burnout and secondary traumatization(Figley, 1995). Unfortunately, many people make the assumption that they are the same thing. However burnout, secondary trauma, and compassion fatigue are not exactly the same things. And those that seek to understand the risks associated with each will learn that there are differences. When an individual is finding dissatisfaction with their work environment and the stresses of the work he/she does, this is considered burnout. Secondary trauma is what occurs when we react to the situations of those that we are helping such as when I become distressed over the abuse of a child patient that I am working with. It is when we see the signs and symptoms of both burnout and secondary trauma that a person is experiencing compassion fatigue. Compassion fatigue will affect a person in the cognitive, emotional, behavioral, spiritual, and somatic domains of life (Portnoy, 2011, p. 48). Portnoy (2011) reports the following signs and symptoms as related to compassion fatigue: Cognitive: Lowered concentration, apathy, rigidity, disorientation, minimization, preoccupation with trauma Emotional: Powerlessness, anxiety, guilt, anger, numbness, fear, helplessness, sadness, depression, depleted, shock, blunted or enhanced affect. Experiencing troubling dreams similar to a patient’s dream. Suddenly and involuntarily recalling a frightening experience while working with a patient or family Behavioral: Irritable, withdrawn, moody, poor sleep, nightmares, appetite change, hyper-vigilance, isolating Spiritual: Questioning life’s meaning, pervasive hopelessness, loss of purpose, questioning of religious beliefs, loss of faith/skepticism Somatic: Sweating, rapid heartbeat, breathing difficulty, aches and pains, dizziness, impaired immune system, headaches, difficulty falling or staying asleep For those serving in the helping profession, it is important to be aware of the symptoms listed above. Understanding the symptoms allows us to self-monitor our personal functioning as a member of the helping profession. Additionally, it will allow us to develop interventions that will address any symptoms that present in one’s life. Preventing Compassion Burnout For an individual to protect himself from compassion fatigue, it is crucial that he keeps his life in balance. This can be done by engaging in several self-care techniques such as taking time off from work, maintaining a healthy lifestyle that includes proper diet and exercise, and gaining proper rest (Panos, 2007). Another preventative step for the social worker is to seek out individual therapy for himself as a manner in which to deal with the stressors associated with the helping profession. This has been highly recommended by several instructors during my masters level education. When I consider the risk factors discussed, I find that my weight and overall physical health are most significant in placing me at risk of compassion fatigue. Failing to have a nutritious diet has caused an increase in weight and multiple lower level health needs such as back pains and headaches. When you factor this in with the stress of working a full time job and being a full time student, it compounds the problem as eating tends to be my coping mechanism of choice. I also have minimal intimate friendships due to lack of time to engage with others outside the workplace. A lack of these intimate relationships fails to provide me an outlet to the stress that is outside my family. Given the source of the stress is at work, confidentiality limits what I can and cannot say to my wife. With those risk factors, two protective factors that I see benefiting me is my spiritual support system and sense of strong professional boundaries. My faith has pulled me through so much. Having a solid foundation in my faith has allowed me to always return to what it is that I believe and remember that it is my relationship with Jesus Christ that has called me into the helping profession to begin with. Scripture and prayer are vital parts of my life and provide the most significant amount of support in a field that is filled with what is at times overwhelming realities of just how evil this world can be. It also offers some friendships, albeit not as intimate as I would prefer, that support me through the process. With professional boundaries, I learned very early in my career to establish boundaries up front with patients and their families. This has always protected me because when I sense those boundaries being pushed, I can go back with the individual/family and remind them of my role and the need to remain professional. This is a significant challenge in a small community of 3000 people because everyone knows me through my work and involvement in coaching my children’s sports. Beyond stated boundaries though, I believe that we have to develop the ability to rationally detach from the work we do to keep ourselves safe and effective. Rational detachment is a phrase used in Crisis Prevention, Inc. training on how to effectively manage a crisis situation. It entails the ability to recognize that the circumstances of the patients are not personal to me. It is, for me, an ability to mentally detach from what is going on so that I do not personalize the situations and experiences of the patient, thus having a negative impact on me. It also includes mentally recognizing my own limits to knowledge and experience in the field, which allows me to justify that I cannot fix everything in front of me. By ecognizing my own limitations, I am then able to utilize my professional colleagues as resources to the challenges of helping others. Personal Symptoms At the personal level, my current signs and symptoms as related to compassion fatigue are minimal. Most symptoms fall in the cognitive realm with a lowered ability for concentration and signs of rigidity. Emotionally, the stress has led to times of anger that can be displaced towards friends and family members. These emotions are played out through behaviors of withdrawing myself from others and situations that I find enjoyable, being highly irritable and moody and poor sleep habits. It has also at times caused me to question my religious beliefs and be more skeptical towards my faith. A tool that is commonly used for measuring the negative and positive effects of helping others who experience suffering and trauma is the ProQOL. This is a tool that has been developed and used since 1995 and assesses an individual’s risks for compassion satisfaction, burnout and compassion fatigue. This scale is free for use at the website http://www. proqol. org/ProQol_Test. html. My personal scores show that I am in the average range for compassion satisfaction and low ranges for burnout and compassion fatigue. My Personal Self-Care Plan Taking care of yourself when working in the helping profession has to be a priority. Failure to do this can have serious implications, as discussed previously, on one’s personal life. To ensure that I reduce the risk of compassion fatigue, I must have a solid plan in place that supports my desires to help others while minimizing my risk. To do that, I recognize at this time in my life, the most significant areas that need to be addressed are my overall health, most specifically my diet and weight. Additionally, developing stronger professional bonds at work and intimate relationships outside of work will reduce my risks. One last factor is to engage in individual counseling for the purpose of processing the stressors that come from working in the helping profession, mental health more specific. With that, I will work to implement the following plan for self care in my personal life. Goal 1: Improve my overall health. Actions steps: 1. Complete a men’s wellness exam with my primary care physician 2. Develop a dietary plan of action with my primary care physician to reduce my weight to my ideal body weight over the next year. 3. Engage in rigorous physical exercise 3 times a week to improve overall physical and mental health. Goal 2: Increase my professional support Action steps: 1. Utilize clinical staff meetings to learn from professional colleagues and to staff cases from my caseload. 2. Continue to use individual supervision as support for personal needs that relate to the professional job. 3. Access an experienced clinician for personal support to process the stressors that are associated with mental health work. Goal 3: Improve family and personal relationships Action Steps: 1. Establish date nights two times a month with my wife. 2. Identify one night a week as â€Å"family fun night,† which would be protected time that cannot be impacted by other events or activities. 3. Engage in weekly bible studies at church. Conclusion Proper self care is a vital part of any person’s life. However, when you engage in a professional field that takes on the role of assisting others in their self-care, it is all the more important to have a solid plan in place.

The Nature of Faith and Its Consequences in two American Short Stories Essay Example

The Nature of Faith and Its Consequences in two American Short Stories Essay Many authors have sought to capture the notion of faith and its place in the psychological fabric of individuals.   They have sought to discover what it is that makes one person believe (or not believe) in another person or in a group of people so strongly but without solid proof.   In â€Å"Young Goodman Brown,† Nathaniel Hawthorne takes the position that blind faith in humanity and religion is foolish and naà ¯ve.   In â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find,† Flannery O’Conner appears to support that same position but with the idea that faith cannot easily be faked.   Both stories center on the idea of faith in humankind, but while the first story leaves the reader with a somewhat ambiguous ending, the second story makes its lesson perfectly clear.   Both stories show the reader that blind faith or fabricated faith in humanity can produce tragic consequences.Both stories immediately present the dichotomy between ‘good’ and ‘bad’.à ‚   The title of Hawthorne’s story presents the reader with the allegorical man, Young Goodman Brown, who is initially set up as the ultimate test subject who fully expects to conquer the evil this one night’s quest will bring him.   After all, he has descended from â€Å"a race of honest men and Christians since the days of the martyrs† (Hawthorne 318), so he should easily be able to resist the evil in the forest.   The truism inherent in the title of O’Connor’s story, â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find,† echoes the idea that a man truly deserving of one’s faith may not exist.   The self-righteous grandmother in this story cannot stop harping on the dangers of traveling to Florida now that the Misfit is on the loose.   She declares that â€Å"I wouldn’t take my children in any direction with a criminal like that aloose in it.   I couldn’t answer to my conscience if I did† (O’Connor 495).   In â⠂¬Å"Young Goodman Brown,† Goodman and his wife, Faith, represent the good in people while the evil and secret doings in the forest represent the bad.   In â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find,† the Misfit clearly represents the bad, while the unwelcome maxims of the grandmother represent the good.Goodman and the grandmother’s perceptions of faith are tested in each of these stories.   As Goodman ventures further and further into the woods, he is joined on his journey by familiar faces – his Sunday School teacher, a church deacon, a man who looks very much like his own forefathers.   He is told stories of his family’s wickedness, but he does not believe them.   However, the grandmother is not a bit trusting.   She notes to a filling station proprietor, Red Sammy, that â€Å"It isn’t a soul in this green world of God’s that you can trust†¦and I don’t count nobody bout of that, not nobody† (O’Connor 499).   Goodman becomes more and more timid and unsure of his faith the further into the forest he goes.   Grandmother valiantly attempts to convert the Misfit to good after a freak accident puts them in their path.Unfortunately, neither is successful in finding faith in mankind.   Goodman’s journey culminates in his being swept into a dreamlike state wherein he finds none other than his wife, Faith’s, pink ribbons.   Upon finding this symbol of her purity and goodness in the evil forest, he wails â€Å"My Faith is gone!   There is no good on earth, and sin is but a name.   Come, devil! For to thee is this world given† (Hawthorne 323). He races on to the ceremony only to find his Faith there.   The grandmother doesn’t give up so easily.   She immediately assaults the Misfit with a barrage of assurances that he is a good person who had simply been misunderstood and falsely accused his whole life.   She tells him â€Å"I know you’re a goo d man.   You don’t look a bit like you have common blood.   I know you must come from nice people† (O’Connor 504).   The grandmother is never given any indication by the Misfit that he intends to spare her or any of her family’s lives.   Likewise, Goodman has never had any reason to suspect and doubt the purity and goodness of his family or his Faith.   In fact, Hawthorne has Goodman awakening from a type of dream with no indication if any of the events ever actually occurred.Both Goodman and the grandmother meet tragic ends due to the failure of faith to make their lives right.   Goodman returns to his home â€Å"a stern, a sad, a darkly meditative, a distrustful, if not a desperate man† (Hawthorne 328).   Grandmother is, of course, shot by the Misfit, only after her last, desperate attempt to make physical contact with him.   Her end is clearly tragic.However, the stories seem to ask the reader to decide how much blame each of thes e characters must take on himself for his own, personal tragedy. One could argue that Goodman had very high expectations for his faith.   He seemed to believe that his family had been perfect, without flaw, and that he and his wife would also be completely pure and good.   Whatever had attracted Goodman to the forest in the first place had attracted many other people in the town, including his own wife Faith.   How could he be sure that his own faith would be so strong where others’ had clearly failed?   Next, the grandmother clearly is the reason the family is in the predicament they are in.   Even so, she seems almost compelled to save the Misfit.   Both Goodman and the grandmother fall back onto religion in order to accomplish this, and again, both are disappointed.   It seems that religion alone cannot make humanity worth the faith that people have in them.Faith in people is a difficult and even counterproductive undertaking for many people.   When Goodman ’s preconceptions of his perfectly pure family and town are questioned, he can no longer live happily amid human beings.   Further, the grandmother’s faithless attempts to have the Misfit believe he is too good to kill her also fail.   Goodman’s â€Å"†¦dying hour was gloom† (Hawthorne 328) while the Misfit prophetically remarks over the grandmother’s oddly smiling body, â€Å"She would have been a good woman if it had been somebody there to shoot her every minute of her life† (O’Connor 509).   Hawthorne’s and O’Connor’s stories show that both blind faith and contrived faith are pointless endeavors that can have tragic onsequences.

Internet Security essays

Internet Security essays In the recent past a well known and widely used internet utility known as Napster was ordered to discontinue all of their activities due to copyright violations. Napster was and still is an internet music sharing service and was one of the most popular such services. The company existed to allow people across the country and even around the world to share .mp3 files with each other. However as the company became more and more popular they came more and more into the eye of the record companies and artists whose music was being traded freely across their web service. This attention resulted in a court case and eventually the temporary shutdown of Napster. It also has lead to the future state of the music service, as they will reopen for business later in this year, however will now be charging for access. This entire dispute came about due to copyright infringement laws and the breaking of them over the net, however, as can be easily seen, Napster had existed for a long time bef ore these charges were brought up, and even now many alternatives exist. The only difference is the relative size of the alternatives compared to Napster. Yet these other alternatives continue to exist without punishment. The question that I will answer here has a powerful bearing on the lives of these sites, as well as on the lives of most people in this country. That question is Should there exist a government run bureau whose sole responsibility is to police the Internet to keep crimes such as these, no matter how trivial, from occurring? My answer to this question, is no. I have many reasons for the answer that I have provided to this very controversial question, however, I will only be able to address a few of those reasons here. First and foremost of these, however, is a very obvious reason, the issue of privacy. Privacy has been a concern when enforcing the law for most of the history of our country. Privacy is the reason that w...

The Best Multiplication Table + 9 Tips for Easy Multiplication

The Best Multiplication Table + 9 Tips for Easy Multiplication SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Whether you're planning to take the SAT soon or just want tobrush up on your basic math skills, knowing your times tables and multiples is a vital part of understanding math. Here, we give you free printable multiplication table PDFs and go over the nine rules you should know about multiplication. Multiplication Table 12 x 12 Below is a 12 x 12 multiplication chart showing all multiples of the numbers 0-12. To use this chart, look for the two numbers youwant to multiply together on the top row and in the leftmost column, and then find the box that connects these two numbers together. For example, if you’re trying to find the product of 7 and 5, you'd look for 7 in the leftmost column and 5 in the top row, and then see where these two meet in the middle (35). (You can also look for 7 in the top row and 5 in the left column- as we’ll explain, the order in which you multiply doesn’t actually matter!) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 3 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 4 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 6 0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 72 7 0 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84 8 0 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 88 96 9 0 9 18 27 36 45 54 63 72 81 90 99 108 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 11 0 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 110 121 132 12 0 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120 132 144 We also offer two free printable PDFs of this 12 x 12 multiplication chart. The first table is in portrait mode,andthe second table is in landscape mode. Click the thumbnail for the version of the multiplication table you’d like to print out: There are many ways you can use this multiplication table to your advantage. If you’re in high school and planning to take the SAT or ACT soon, you can use this chart to help you remember basic multiplication pairs and multiples likely to come up on the SAT or ACT Math sections. Being able to quicklydo mental math on tricky problems involving multiplication can effectively reduce the time you spend attempting to solve the problem. This chart will also teach you to avoid relying too much on your calculator on the SAT/ACT Math sections. We recommend printing out a copy of this multiplication table and either hanging it up by your desk or study areaor placing it in your binder for school so you can refer to it often to help you memorize the most common multiples. Time to turn on your brain! 9 Fundamental Rules for Remembering Multiples As you use the multiplication table above, make sure you know all the basic rules for remembering multiples and how they work. Below, we go over the most common multiplication rules you should have memorized. Rule 1: Order Doesn’t Matter in Multiplication If all you’re doing is multiplying two or more numbers together- and aren’t doing any other math function such as adding, subtracting, or dividing- then the actual order of those numbers doesn’t matter. In other words, 8 x 4 is the same exact problem as 4 x 8 (both equal 32). This rule also works if you’re multiplying more than two numbers together. For example, 2 x 3 x 4 can be written as 2 x 4 x 3, 3 x 4 x 2, etc. Regardless of the order of the numbers being multiplied, this equation will always come out to 24. This means that with the multiplication chart above, you may look for numbers in either the top row or the leftmost column. It doesn’t matter whether you’re connecting the 8 in the top row and the 4 in the left column, or the 8 in the left column and the 4 in the top row. Both ways will give you the same answer of 32. Note, however, that the order doesmatter when you’re doing more than just multiplying numbers together.For example, if you’re multiplying and adding numbers in a problem, you’ll need to follow the order of operations to solve it correctly. Many people use the acronym PEMDAS (parentheses, exponents, multiplication, division, addition, subtraction) to help them recall the correct order in which they must perform calculations to solve a math problem. An easy way toremember this acronym is with the phrase, "Please excuse my dear Aunt Sally." Rule 2: All Multiples of Even Numbers Are Even No matter which even number you choose- whether it’s as low as 2 or as high as 33,809,236- all multiples of even numbers will always be even as well. Don’t believe me? Just look back at the multiplication table above. If you look at the column under 6, for example, you’ll see that all multiples of 6 are, in fact, even numbers! These multiples include 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, etc. A number is even if the digit in the ones place is even (in other words, if it ends in 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8). This rule works because whenever you multiply an even number by another even number or by an odd number, the product will always be even.Here are the formulas that illustrate this: even x even = even even x odd = even Rule 3: All Multiples of Odd Numbers Follow an Even-Odd Pattern Unlike Rule 2, all multiples of odd numbers aren’t, in fact, odd! Rather,multiples of odd numbers will always follow an even-odd pattern. What do I mean by this? Let’s look at an example. Take the odd number 7. Below are the multiples of 7. Each multiple has been highlighted in either yellow (even) or blue (odd): 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 0 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84 As you can see, the multiples of 7, an odd number, follow a clear pattern of even, odd, even, odd, and so on. This pattern works because of a fundamental rule in math: an odd number multiplied by an even number will always be even, but an odd number multiplied by an odd number will always be odd. Here are the formulas to help you remember this concept: odd x even = even odd x odd = odd Nature has patterns just like math does. Rule 4: The Only Multiple of 0 Is 0 As you likely noticed in the multiplication chart above, any time you multiply 0 by a number- whether that number is 5, 0.0004758, or 6,783,390,391- the product will always equal 0. Basically, since any number times 0 is equal to 0, all multiples of 0 are therefore 0 as well. Rule 5: A Multiple of 1 Always Equals the Number Being Multiplied Whenever a number- no matter how small or big it might be- is multiplied by 1, the answer will be equal to the original number you started with. For example, 9 x 1 = 9.And 12,351 x 1 = 12,351. Here are some multiples of 1 taken from the chart above: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Rule 6: All Multiples of 5 End in 0 or 5 If you look at the multiplication chart above, you’ll notice that all multiples of 5 end in either a 0 or 5. Knowing this makes it easy to remember what numbers are multiples of 5, even if they’re super high. In short, anything that ends in a 5 or 0 is for sure a multiple of 5. Here is a small chart showing some of the multiples of 5: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 Rule 7: For Multiples of 10, Just Add a 0 To find a multiple of 10, all you need to do is add a 0 to the end of the number being multiplied by 10. So if you have the problem 10 x 27, you should know right away that the answer is 270 (27 with a 0 added to the end of it). This rule also means that all multiples of 10 end in 0 (this is similar to Rule 6, which states that all multiples of 5 end in either a 5 or 0). In other words, any number you see that ends in a 0, whether it’s 640 or 4,328,120, will be a multiple of 10. Here’s a chart showing some common multiples of 10: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 Zerocan be a very useful number in multiplication. Rule 8: Up to 11 x 9, All Multiples of 11 Are Repeated Digits As the multiplication table above shows, all multiples of 11 up to 11 x 9 are equal to the digit being multiplied repeated once. So if you multiply 11 by 6, for example, the answer will be 66 (you just repeat 6- the number being multiplied by 11). Note that this trick only works up to factor 9. Once you hit 10, the product will not equal two repeated digits. Here are the multiples of 11 using the factors 1-9: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 Rule 9: For 12, Multiply by 10 and 2 Then Add Together Multiples of 12 can be difficult to memorize and a little overwhelming, but there’s an easy trick you can use to quickly find any multiple of 12. All you have to do is multiply the factor (the number being multiplied by 12) by 10, multiply that same factor by 2, and then add these together. This might sound complicated, but it’s really not! Written out as an equation (in which a is any factor of 12), this trick would look like this: 12a = 10a+ 2a Let’s walk through an example. Say you want to find the product of 12 x 9. The quickest way to do this would be to first multiply 9 by 10; this gives us 90.Next, multiply 9 by 2 to get 18. Finally, add together 90 and 18. This gives us108, which is the answer to our original problem: 12 x 9. Try this trick with other factors and then double-check your answer with the multiplication chart or a calculator. What’s Next? Want to brush up on other basic math skills? Then check out our expert guides on how to find the mean of a data set and how to use the acceleration formula. Need help preparing for the SAT/ACT Math section?Learn everything you need to know about what kinds of topics are tested on SAT Math and ACT Math.

Why did the majority of Americans still support President Kennedy Essay

Why did the majority of Americans still support President Kennedy after the failure of the Bay of Pigs invasion - Essay Example Kennedy dared to do what many of his predecessors failed to do. Kennedy put an end to different types of discrimination prevailed in the US society. US people values him for his contributions in spite of his faulty decisions like the Bay of Pigs invasion. In the early years of 1960s, inequality was very much prevalent in US society. Blacks were segregated in the society. Blacks could not dream of government positions those days. Blacks constantly encountered discrimination in private as well as public facilities. Blacks were forbidden from eating with whites in restaurants. They were not allowed to drink in the drinking fountains that whites use. They could not use the same bathroom used by Whites. Blacks had no permission to use the front seat of buses. Blacks occupy the back seats when whites occupy the front seats. Blacks live in the downtrodden areas as whites live in the rich suburban high quality areas. Blacks had no role in democracy as they were not allowed to vote. There wer e separate schools were Whites and Blacks. The story is different once the Civil Rights Act of 1964 came into existence1; full credit to John F. Kennedy. Failures like Bay of Pigs invasion could not undermine the popularity of this president of the United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964 has contributed much in removing unfairness from the society. Many are the achievements of President Kennedy that made people consider him as a good president. His contribution in lessening racial discrimination is noticeable. His eyes could see the inequality in the society of America. In the Presidential Inaugural address he made in 1961, he had sworn to put an end to racial discrimination. While he was occupying the office he offered federal positions to several black people. He is the first US president to give such statuses to black people. He appointed nearly 40 black people to various administrative posts like Associate White House Press Secretary, Administrator of the Housing and Home Financ e Agency, and Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs. He also appointed five black judges in the federal position. This brought a solace to Black Americans as they started expecting better positions in higher levels. President Kennedy’s attempt to uphold the negatively privileged people is memorable. Kennedy put an end to the discrimination in bus travel. A Supreme Court Decision of 1960 stated that segregation would be considered illegal in bus stations that were meant for interstate travel. Civil rights activists began to do Freedom Rides. According to this, Freedom Riders, black people and white people will travel together in buses to check if the new law is successful. In certain locations like Alabama, negative-minded people attacked Freedom Riders as they refused the new law. President Kennedy upheld the Freedom Riders. Later in 1961, civil rights was further implemented by Interstate Commerce Commission by making the seating in interstate buses equal to both whites and blacks. Color, creed or race differences were eliminated in the seating rules. Moreover all terminals were integrated. According to this development people can sit in any seat they want irrespective of how they appear, what color they are and whatsoever they believe in. President John F. Kennedy attempted to end discrimination in various sectors of the society. His attempts of ending discrimination in housing are memorable. Housing segregation always remained as a curse in US society. It was a major civil rights issue in the 1960s. Black people lived in the poor neighborhoods where no developmental activities would be performed. Whites lived in separate prosperous

Colonialism in Ukraine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Colonialism in Ukraine - Essay Example As the study outlines that the Ukrainan Hetman BohdanKhmelnytsky signed a treaty with Muscovy which had the effect of causing Ukraine to lose its independence and engage in a colonial unification with Russia that was to eventually last for over 300 years. According to the Soviet propaganda that was spread after the signing of this treaty, the PereyaslavskaRada essentially crowned the constant strife by the Ukrainian people that wished to eventually be together with the Russian people. In the same vein, the Ukrainian Hetman Khmelnytsky was regarded by the propaganda as being the treaty’s principle architect and was as such as the champion and hero of the unbreakable union. However, despite the rosy acclaim that the PereyaslavskaRada and Khmelnytsky received from the Soviet propaganda, Khmelnytsky was regarded by some as having been a traitor to Ukraine’s national interests while others still regarded him as being a victim of the devious policies that were being enforced by Russia. From this study it is clear that Russia’s colonies such as Ukraine did not generally take the form of the colonies obtained by other countries as the United Kingdom. As opposed to the coloniesoftoehrcountries, Russia’s colonies were not overseas possessions that were populated by people with different cultures and different skin colors. When Russia colonized Ukraine, its treatment of Ukraine is seen to have been rather paradigmatic for how it treated all its colonies that it usually referred to as its near-abroads. When Ukraine was colonized by Russia, it was officially not recognized as having a separate nationality, instead, Russia moved to ban the usage of the Ukrainian language and stopped Ukrainian children from being taught the language in school. In addition to tis the Ukrainian churches were all force to comply with the orthodox Russian religious norms or go underground.

Reificaition Case Essay Example for Free

Reificaition Case Essay Wikipedia defines reification as â€Å"(Lat. res thing + facere to make) n. the turning of something into a thing or object; the error which consists in treating as a thing something which is not one. Hypostatization, treating an abstract entity as if it were concrete, is a case in point†. In Marxist terms, it is the consideration of a human being as a physical object, deprived of subjectivity. According to Marxists, this is one of the pitfalls of the capitalist system because in such a system the laborers and their work are not valued to their proper extent. Their work is treated as a commodity and is valued according to the unpredictable needs of the market. This concept is closely tied to the Marxist idea of commodity fetishism which Wikipedia describes as â€Å"an inauthentic state of social relations, said to arise in complex capitalist market systems, where social relationships are confused with their medium, the commodity.† Marxist writer, Georg Lukà ¡cs, writes thus: The transformation of the commodity relation into a thing of ghostly objectivity cannot there ore content itself with the reduction of all objects for the gratification of human needs to commodities. It stamps its imprint upon the whole consciousness of man; his qualities an abilities are no longer an organic par of his personality, they are things which he can own or dispose of like the various objects of the external world. Simply put, Marxists criticize capitalist systems for stripping the human person of his social nature. He is transformed into a commodity or a product. One’s labor is transformed into money which is in turn used to purchase the products of other people’s labor. Although this may facilitate the exchange of goods, the problem of the system lies in the fact that because of this abstraction, the use-value (the actual usefulness of the object) is oftentimes totally different from its exchange-value (the value of the object in the marketplace). For example, a person who creates a hammer (which has a variety of uses) will be paid less than a person who makes jewelry (an object which has less use than a hammer). The value given to the work of the laborer is incommensurate to the work and effort that he made in order to produce the good. How can reification be avoided? Marxist measures against reification have proven themselves to be ineffective (including complete control over the market and standardization of wages). This is because these measures tend to remove the element of competition from the formula, thus, causing production to suffer instead. An alternative mode by which reification is avoided is through the respect of human rights. According to John Locke, each person has the natural right to life, liberty and estate which must be protected by the government. These rights must ensure that each person shall be given his due. By treating persons as individuals with human rights and dignity, people will be treated as an end and never as a means. The theory of human rights has been upheld and accepted by most of the world and are embodied in international instruments and conventions, most notable is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. In the field of labor and employment, modern societies have integrated this idea of human dignity by setting minimum standards and conditions to be strictly followed by employers under the pain of appropriate sanctions should they be defied. For example, there could be a law saying that any employee who works beyond eight hours in a single day shall be given additional overtime pay. Another instance would be a law that would lay down a minimum wage based on the living standards and conditions of the locality where the worker belongs. By recognizing the human dignity of every person, reification is completely obliteration because persons are then given the respect they deserve. They are no longer treated as cogs in the machinery of production but are considered partners in the enterprise. By holding that each person deserves to be treated with dignity, they are esteemed as subjects never objects, and will be given their due.       Bibliography Lukà ¡cs, Georg. 1967. History Class Consciousness. Translated by Andy Blunden. Merlin Press. Smith, John, Bob Snider, and Diane Hill. 2005. A study of physics. New York: McGraw Hill. Wikipedia. 2006. Commodity fetishism. Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodity_fetishism. Ashcraft, Richard. 1986. Revolutionary Politics and Lockes Two Treatises of Government. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Wikipedia. 2006. Georg Lukà ¡cs. Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georg_Luk%C3%A1cs. Wikipedia. 2006. Human Rights. Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights. Wikipedia. 2006. John Locke. Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_locke. Wikipedia. 2006. Reification. Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reification.

La Ficción y la Verdad :: Spanish Essays

RESUMEN: La filosofà ­a clà ¡sica, adhiriendo a una concepcià ³n de la verdad como adecuacià ³n o correspondencia, con la garantà ­a de la subjetividad moderna en sus distintas variantes, ubicà ³ a la ficcià ³n como a una antà ­tesis devaluada de la verdad. Luego de una revalorizacià ³n de la ficcià ³n, en el siglo pasado, desde posiciones utilitaristas, abordamos una tesis de Paul Ricoeur, que correlaciona transculturalmente la actividad narrativa con el caracter temporal de la existencia humana. El eje fuerza de la obra analizada es la nocià ³n aristotà ©lica de mà ­mesis, desdoblada en tres dimensiones : I) prefiguracià ³n prà ¡ctica en torno a la vida cotidiana II) configuracià ³n textual y III) refiguracià ³n receptiva a travà ©s de la lectura. La mà ­mesis II , que abre el paso al "como si", opera como mediacià ³n entre el mundo de la vida -mà ­mesis I- y la lectura refiguradora -mà ­mesis III- y es la mediacià ³n entre el tiempo y la narracià ³n y entre la narracià ³n y la verdad. La confeccià ³n de la trama, como actividad mimà ©tica fabuladora, està ¡ regulada en un proceso de esquematizacià ³n, en el sentido kantiano, ya que subsume factores particulares en un todo -sensible e inteligible- bajo los parà ¡metros del tiempo. La ficcià ³n y la verdad se relacionan entoces libremente bajo la à ©jida narrativa, sin la sujecià ³n a un conciencia fundante, desplazà ¡ndose a travà ©s de una identidad narrativa, que no es una yoidad formal, ni es un cambio indeterminado, al estilode Hume o Nietzsche, sino una ipseidad, que va de la vida al texto y del texto a la lectura, en una relacià ³n de inmanencia trascendencia. En su referencia etimolà ³gica, el tà ©rmino ficcià ³n, remite a dos acepciones principales : a) dar forma, formar, modelar y b) simular, fingir (ficcià ³n poà ©tica). Las dos significaciones se ligan a una tercera : imaginar. Es và ¡lido localizar a la ficcià ³n en el à ¡mbito de lo irrreal, pero ademà ¡s, la filosofà ­a y el pensamiento clà ¡sicos han ubicado a la ficcià ³n y a la verdad como antità ©ticos, entendiendo a à ©sta à ºltima,como adecuacià ³n o correspondencia a una realidad en sà ­. en este sentido, la ficcià ³n fue relegada a mera imaginerà ­a o mentira literaria. El estatuto de la ficcià ³n comienza a variar, cuando a comienzos del siglo XIX, Jeremy Benthan, representante del utilitarismo inglà ©s, apelando a la insuficiencia de las definiciones por gà ©nero y diferencia, recurre a las ficciones. Dice este autor que las entidades reales se vinculan con lo real mediante conceptos simples, en cambio las ficticias designan indirectamente a las entidades reales.

Personal Paper on Euthanasia Essay

A life is ending. Losing a life is tragic enough within its own right. Euthanasia appears to be the best option for a patient. Though the family and patient have suffered immensely, they must continue to suffer mentally and physically through the passive euthanasia process. This particular patient’s death was tragic and slow. The body had broken down, and only a shadow of who the person once was laid in bed as the last breath was taken. If another form of euthanasia, called active euthanasia had been legal, a large amount of pain and suffering could have been spared. If passive euthanasia is legal, then active euthanasia should be legal too. Passive Euthanasia, is when a physician determines that death is unavoidably close, that rather than prolong suffering, to stop whatever treatment is keeping the patient alive. An example would be, if a person is being kept alive by a machine that breathes for them, a decision is made to turn off the machine, indirectly ending the person’s life. Also, there are many cases that are not as simple as that. Often times, passive euthanasia can be performed on a conscious person. If a person is alive, but barely capable of living, a tube that feeds the patient is removed. This leads to the patient starving to death, which led to the patient dying in great pain. My father was diagnosed with terminal colo-rectal cancer, and instead of trying surgeries that would lengthen his life by a few months, he chose not to. My father was passively euthanized. He died a much different man that I have known my whole life. He, once a large burly man had lost around a hundred pounds, and was bedridden. All of his muscles were slowly disintegrating because of atrophy since he was unable to get out of bed. He was in major pain despite the medication he was given, and in the last month of his life the cancer had gone into the blood and to his brain, making him hallucinate,

Dream of equal schooling Essay

Mr. Borsuk also found that with the exception of the element of religion in the voucher schools—an issue many feel is a violation of the separation of church and state– â€Å"it’s the same story that’s being played out in urban classrooms across America—a story of poverty, limited resources, poor leadership and broken families. † (2006). Based on firsthand experience observations garnered from visiting each and every voucher school that would allow it, Borsuk concluded that at least ten of the 106 schools visited appeared to â€Å"lack the ability, resources, knowledge or will to offer children even a mediocre education†¦. most of these were led by individuals who had little to no background in running schools and no resources other than state payments. † (Borsuk 2006). Nine of the voucher schools would not allow the reporters to observe their work, making one wonder why the secrecy? Like everything on earth, some bad must come along with the good. Alex’s Academics of Excellence happened to be a school begun by a convicted rapist, and kept on enrolling students even after allegations of drug use by staff on school grounds and a DA’s investigation. Thankfully, Alex’s, along with three others have closed—as a result of outside intervention, not due to parental outcry. Conservatives have focused on the undeniable problems in our public school systems as a reason for the voucher system. They say that the voucher system gives â€Å"choice† to parents and students, but in reality they are more interested in privatizing the schools, effectively removing them from â€Å"public oversight and responsibility. † (Special Voucher 2000). The alternative to the voucher system would be to â€Å"invest in our public schools, not abandon them,† according to the more liberal stance. Our society knows how to teach children, it just tends to do that job in unequal measures. Many times a disproportionate amount of money is spent on the already privileged children rather than on the low income areas. Perhaps the largest distinguishing factor in voucher schools comes down to religion. Many of the students in the voucher program schools pray together in class, read the Bible, the Torah, or attend Mass. Even parents who are not particularly religious feel their children will get a better education and learn moral values when placed in a parochial school. While the religious aspect is a sticking point for those who advocate the separation of church and state, the religious schools are the fastest growing area of voucher schools, and many parents who were interviewed felt their children were receiving a much better education in a parochial school than they did in public schools. Martin Carnoy, a Stanford University professor has been critical of the voucher system, pointing to the fact that other states are not participating. â€Å"No other places jumped on the bandwagon, and I think the reason is they don’t see anything spectacular and terrific happening. Basically, they can live without it. † (Borsuk 2006). It is felt in many sectors that the voucher program has been a huge drain on resources, taking away money and attention from the some 85,000 students who still attend regular MPS schools. These students are effectively losing out so that others can attend private schools. (Borsuk 2006). How do other states feel about the voucher system? The Florida State Supreme Court ruled on January 5, 2006 that Governor Jeb Bush’s pilot voucher program was illegal because it â€Å"violates the provision in the state constitution that prohibits using taxpayer money to finance a private alternative to the public education system. † (OnWEAC 2006). The decision was 5-2 and the court stated that the voucher school program hurt public education because it diverted public dollars into private systems. Voucher schools are being rejected at a national level as in November, 2005, a group of 23 House Republican’s â€Å"bucked its party’s leaders and defeated an effort to include a private school voucher plan in the House budget reconciliation bill. † (OnWEAC 2006). The question remains: What is the future of the Wisconsin Voucher system? From September, 2005 to January, 2006, the number of low income students attending voucher schools dropped sharply, a decline of nearly 1500 students. This could be due to the fact that three voucher schools were closed because they did not meet minimum standards, or perhaps the reasons are more far-reaching. (School Choice 2006). The Laws have recently expanded the eligibility of voucher recipients, now allowing students who are in schools that have ranked in the â€Å"academic emergency† or â€Å"academic watch† category for the past three years to receive vouchers. (School Choice 2006) The Maine Supreme Judicial Court recently upheld a very controversial state law that prohibits students from using publicly funded vouchers for religious schools. Justice Donald Alexander wrote that the â€Å"state is not compelled to pay for religious education; even though the U. S. Supreme Court has ruled that these programs are constitutionally permissible. † (School Choice 2006). Although this was a Maine case, the issue may soon arise in Wisconsin as well. Wisconsin has done its best and tried many alternatives, gone down many roads to improve the education of their children. Nobody can fault them for this, however it is clear that it is still far from a level playing field, and that more reforms are in order, more programs that guarantee each child a quality education. References: Borsuk, Alan J. (January 3, 2004). Dream of equal schooling is unrealized. Accessed on May 3, 2006 from: http://www.jsonline.com

The Provisions of Sarbanes-Oxley essays

The Provisions of Sarbanes-Oxley essays Richtermeyer, Greller, and Valentine (2006) believe that accounting and finance professionals, though knowledgeable regarding the measurement of corporate performance in many dimensions, may know less about the manner in which companies are evaluated from an ethical standpoint. In light of the provisions of the 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act (Public Law No. 107-204, 116 Stat. 745), accounting and finance professionals and the companies with which they work are now subject to more rigorous reporting, accountability, and regulatory oversight than ever before (Sarbanes-Oxley Act, 2006). The Sarbanes-Oxley Acts major provisions include the requirement that public companies evaluate and disclose the effectiveness of their internal controls as they relate to financial reporting and that independent auditors for such companies attest (agree or qualify) to such disclosure. Additionally, a major thrust of the Act is to institute enhanced criminal and civil penalties for violations of securities law and to create the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) (Sarbanes-Oxley Act, 2006). Certainly, the creators of this legislation were responding to devastating ethical failures that rocked corporate America in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Had the companies generating these scandals used an instrument such as the CEV and had they then chosen to act to eliminate unethical behaviors, it is quite possible that some of these scandals could have been avoided. It is an unfortunate commentary on the American corporation that the government needed once again to step in and create new regulatory systems and enhanced criminal penalties to punish the very individuals in corporate America and in the accounting and finance professions who ought to adhere to the highest standards of ethical conduct. ...

The Complete Guide toSAT Math Word Problems

The Complete Guide toSAT Math Word Problems SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips About 25% of your total SAT Math section will be word problems, meaning you will have to create your own visuals and equations to solve for your answers. Though the actual math topics can vary, SAT word problems share a few commonalities, and we’re here to walk you through how to best solve them. This post will be your complete guide to SAT Math word problems. We'll coverhow to translate word problems into equations and diagrams, the different types of math word problems you’ll see on the test, and how to go about solving your word problems on test day. Feature Image: Antonio Litterio/Wikimedia What Are SAT Math Word Problems? A word problem is any math problem based mostly or entirely on a written description. You will not be provided with an equation, diagram, or graph on a word problem and must instead use your reading skills to translate the words of the question into a workable math problem. Once you do this, you can then solve it. You will be given word problems on the SAT Math section for a variety of reasons. For one, word problems test your reading comprehension and your ability to visualize information. Secondly, these types of questionsallow test makers to ask questions that'd be impossible to ask with just a diagram or an equation. For instance, if a math question asks you to fit as many small objects into a larger one as is possible, it'd be difficult to demonstrate and ask this with only a diagram. Translating Math Word Problems Into Equations or Drawings In order to translate your SAT word problems into actionable math equations you can solve, you’ll need to understand and know how to utilize some key math terms. Whenever you see these words, you can translate them into the proper mathematical action. For instance, the word "sum" means the value when two or more items are added together. So if you need to find the sum of a and b, you’ll need to set up your equation like this: a+b. Also, note that many mathematical actions have more than one term attached, whichcan be used interchangeably. Here is a chart with all the key terms and symbols you should know for SAT Math word problems: Key Terms Mathematical Action Sum, increased by, added to, more than, total of + Difference, decreased by, less than, subtracted from − Product, times, __ times as much, __ times as many (a number, e.g., â€Å"three times as many†) * or x Divided by, per, __ as many, __ as much (a fraction, e.g., â€Å"one-third as much†) / or à · Equals, is, are, equivalent = Is less than Is greater than Is less than or equal to ≠¤ Is greater than or equal to ≠¥ Now, let's look at these math terms in action using a few official examples: We can solve this problem by translating the information we're given into algebra. We know the individual price of each salad and drink, and the total revenue made from selling 209 salads and drinks combined. So let's write this out in algebraic form. We'll say that the number of salads sold = S, and the number of drinks sold = D. The problem tells us that 209 salads and drinks have been sold, which we can think of as this: S+D= 209 Finally, we've been told that a certain number of S and Dhave been sold and have brought in a total revenue of 836 dollars and 50 cents. We don't know the exact numbers of S and D, but we do know how much each unit costs. Therefore, we can write this equation: 6.50S + 2D = 836.5 We now have two equations with the same variables (S and D). Since we want to know how many salads were sold, we'll need to solve forD so that we can use this information to solve for S. The first equation tells us what S and D equal when added together, but we can rearrange this to tell us what justD equals in terms of S: S+D= 209 Now, just subtractS from both sides to get what Dequals: D = 209−S Finally, plug this expression in for D into our other equation, and then solve for S: 6.50S+ 2(209 −S)= 836.5 6.50S+ 418− 2S= 836.5 6.50S− 2S = 418.5 4.5S = 418.5 S = 93 The correct answer choice is (B) 93. This word problem asks us to solve for one possible solution (it asks for "a possible amount"), so we know right away that there will be multiple correct answers. Wyatt can husk at least 12 dozen ears of corn and at most 18 dozen ears of corn per hour. If he husks 72 dozen at a rate of 12 dozen an hour, this is equal to 72 / 12 = 6 hours. You could therefore write 6 as your final answer. If Wyatt husks 72 dozen at a rate of 18 dozen an hour (the highest rate possible he can do), this comes out to 72 / 18 = 4 hours. You could write 4 as your final answer. Since the minimum time it takes Wyatt is 4 hours and the maximum time is 6 hours, any number from 4 to 6 would be correct. Though the hardest SAT word problems might look like Latin to you right now, practice and study will soon have you translating them into workable questions. Typical SAT Word Problems Word problems on the SAT can be grouped into three major categories: Word problems for which you must simply set up an equation Word problems for which you must solve for a specific value Word problems for which you must define the meaning of a value or variable Below, we look at each world problem type and give you examples. Word Problem Type 1: Setting Up an Equation This is a fairly uncommon type of SAT word problem, but you’ll generally see it at least once on the Math section. You'll also most likely see it first on the section. For these problems, you must use the information you’re given and then set up the equation. No need to solve for the missing variable- this is as far as you need to go. Almost always, you’ll see this type of question in the first four questions on the SAT Math section, meaning that the College Board consider these questions easy. This is due to the fact that you only have to provide the setup and not the execution. To solve this problem, we'll need to know both Armand's and Tyrone's situations, so let's look at them separately: Armand:Armand sent m text messages each hour for 5 hours, so we can write this as 5m- the number of texts he sent per hour multiplied by the total number of hours he texted. Tyrone:Tyrone sent p text messages each hour for 4 hours, so we can write this as 4p- the number of texts he sent per hour multiplied by the total number of hours he texted. We now know that Armand's situation can be written algebraically as5m,and Tyrone's can be written as4p. Since we're being asked for the expression that represents the total number of texts sent by Armand and Tyrone, we must add together the two expressions: 5m +4p The correct answer is choice (C) 5m +4p Word Problem Type 2: Solving for a Missing Value The vast majority of SAT Math word problem questions will fall into this category. For these questions, you must both set up your equationandsolve for a specific piece of information. Most (though not all) word problem questions of this type will be scenarios or stories covering all sorts of SAT Math topics,such asaverages, single-variable equations, and ratios. You almost always must have a solid understanding of the math topic in question in order to solve the word problem on the topic. Let's try to think about this problem in terms of x. If Type A trees produced 20% more pears than Type B did, we can write this as an expression: x + 0.2x = 1.2x = # of pears produced by Type A In this equation, x is the number of pears produced by Type B trees. If we add 20% of x (0.2x) to x, we get the number of pears produced by Type A trees. The problem tells us that Type A trees produced a total of 144 pears. Since we know that 1.2x is equal to the number of pears produced by Type A, we can write the following equation: 1.2x= 144 Now, all we have to do is divide both sides by 1.2 to find the number of pears produced by Type B trees: x = 144 / 1.2 x = 120 The correct answer choice is (B) 120. You might also get a geometry problem as a word problem, which might or might not be set up with a scenario, too. Geometry questions will be presented as word problems typically because the test makers felt the problem would be too easy to solve had you been given a diagram, or because the problem would be impossible to show with a diagram. (Note that geometry makes up a very small percentage of SAT Math.) This is a case of a problem that is difficult to show visually, since x is not a set degree value but rather a value greater than 55; thus, it must be presented as a word problem. Since we know that x must be an integerdegree value greater than 55, let us assign it a value. In this case, let us call x 56 °. (Why 56? There are other values x could be, but 56 is guaranteed to work since it's the smallest integer larger than 55. Basically, it's a safe bet!) Now, because x= 56, the next angle in the triangle- 2x- must measure the following: 56*2 =112 Let's make a rough (not to scale) sketch of what we know so far: Now, we know that there are 180 ° in a triangle, so we can find the value of y by saying this: y = 180 − 112 − 56 y = 12 One possible value for y is 12.(Other possible values are3, 6, and 9.) Word Problem Type 3: Explaining the Meaning of a Variable or Value This type of problem willshow up at least once.It asks you to define part of an equation provided by the word problem- generally the meaning of a specific variable or number. This question might sound tricky at first, but it's actually quite simple. We know that P is the number of phones Kathy has left to fix, and d is the number of days she has worked in a week. If she's worked 0 days (i.e., if we plug 0 into the equation), here's what we get: P = 108− 23(0) P = 108 This means that, without working any days of the week, Kathy has 108 phones to repair.The correct answer choice, therefore, is (B) Kathy starts each week with 108 phones to fix. To help juggle all the various SAT word problems, let's look at the math strategies and tips at our disposal. Want to learn more about the SAT but tired of reading blog articles? Then you'll love our free, SAT prep livestreams. Designed and led by PrepScholar SAT experts, these live video events are a great resource for students and parents looking to learn more about the SAT and SAT prep. Click on the button below to register for one of our livestreams today! SAT Math Strategies for Word Problems Though you’ll see word problems on the SAT Math section on a variety of math topics, there are still a few techniques you can apply to solve word problems as a whole. #1: Draw It Out Whether your problem is a geometry problem or an algebra problem, sometimes making a quick sketch of the scene can help you understand what exactly you're working with.For instance, let's look at how a picture can help you solve a word problem about a circle (specifically, a pizza): If you often have trouble visualizing problems such as these, draw it out. We know that we're dealing with a circle since our focus is a pizza. We also know that the pizza weighs 3 pounds. Because we'll need to solve the weight of each slice in ounces, let's first convert the total weight of our pizza from pounds into ounces. We're given the conversion (1 pound = 16 ounces), so all we have to do is multiply our 3-pound pizza by 16 to get our answer: 3 * 16 = 48 ounces (for whole pizza) Now, let's draw a picture. First, the pizza is divided in half (not drawn to scale): We now have two equal-sized pieces. Let's continue drawing. The problem then says that we divide each half into three equal pieces (again, not drawn to scale): This gives us a total of six equal-sized pieces. Since we know the total weight of the pizza is 48 ounces, all we have to do is divide by 6 (the number of pieces) to get the weight (in ounces) per piece of pizza: 48 / 6 = 8 ounces per piece The correct answer choice is (C) 8. As for geometry problems, remember that you might get a geometry word problem writtenas a word problem. In this case, make your own drawing of the scene. Even a rough sketch can help you visualize the math problem and keep all your information in order. #2: Memorize Key Terms If you’re not used to translating English words and descriptions into mathematical equations, then SAT word problems might be difficult to wrap your head around at first. Look at the chart we gave you above so you canlearn how to translate keywords into their math equivalents. This way, you can understand exactly what a problem is asking you to find and how you’re supposed to find it. There are free SAT Math questions available online, so memorize your terms and then practice on realistic SAT word problems to make sure you’ve got your definitions down and can apply them to the actual test. #3: Underline and/or Write Out ImportantInformation The key to solving a word problem is to bring together all thekey pieces of given information and put them in the right places. Make sure you write out all these givens on the diagram you’ve drawn (if the problem calls for a diagram) so that all your moving pieces are in order. One of the best ways to keep all your pieces straight is to underline your key information in the problem, and then write them out yourself before you set up your equation. So take a moment to perform this step before you zero in on solving the question. #4: Pay Close Attention to What's Being Asked It can be infuriating to find yourself solving for the wrong variable or writing in your given values in the wrong places. And yet this is entirely too easy to do when working with math word problems. Make sure you pay strict attention to exactly what you’re meant to be solving for and exactly what pieces of information go where.Are you looking for the area or the perimeter? The value of x, 2x, or y? It’s always better to double-check what you’re supposed to find before you start than to realize two minutes down the line that you have to begin solving the problem all over again. #5: Brush Up on Any Specific Math Topic You Feel Weak In You're likely to see both a diagram/equation problem anda word problem for almost every SAT Math topicon the test. This is why there are so many different types of word problems and why you’ll need to know the ins and outs of every SAT Math topic in order to be able to solve a word problem about it. For example, if you don’t know how to find an averagegiven a set of numbers, you certainly won’t know how to solve a word problem that deals with averages! Understand that solving an SAT Math word problem is a two-step process:it requires you to both understand how word problems work and to understand the math topic in question. If you have any areas of mathematical weakness, now's a good time to brush up on them- or else SAT word problems might be trickier than you were expecting! All set? Let's go! Test Your SAT Math Word Problem Knowledge Finally, it's time to test your word problem know-how against real SAT Mathproblems: Word Problems 1. No Calculator 2. Calculator OK 3. Calculator OK 4. Calculator OK Answers:C, B, A, 1160 Answer Explanations 1. For this problem, we have to use the information we're given to set up an equation. We know that Ken spent x dollars, and Paul spent 1 dollar more than Ken did. Therefore, we can write the following equation for Paul: x + 1 Ken and Paul split the bill evenly. This means that we'll have to solve for the total amount of both their sandwiches and then divide it by 2. Since Ken's sandwich cost x dollars and Paul's cost x + 1, here's what our equation looks like when we combine the two expressions: x + x + 1 2x + 1 Now, we can divide this expression by 2 to get the price each person paid: (2x+ 1) / 2 x + 0.5 But we're not finished yet. We know that both Ken and Paul also paid a 20% tip on their bills. As a result,we have to multiply the total cost of one bill by 0.2, and then add this tip to the bill. Algebraically, this looks like this: (x + 0.5) + 0.2(x + 0.5) x+ 0.5 + 0.2x + 0.1 1.2x + 0.6 The correct answer choice is (C) 1.2x + 0.6 2. You'll have to be familiar with statistics in order to understand what this question is asking. Since Nick surveyed a random sample of his freshman class, we can say that this sample will accurately reflect the opinion (and thus the same percentages) as the entire freshman class. Of the 90 freshmen sampled, 25.6% said that they wanted the Fall Festival held in October. All we have to do now is find this percentage of the entire freshmen class (which consists of 225 students) to determine how many total freshmen would prefer an October festival: 225 * 0.256 = 57.6 Since the question is asking "about how many students"- and since we obviously can't have a fraction of a person!- we'll have to round this number to the nearest answer choice available, which is60, or answer choice (B). 3. This is one of those problems that is asking you to define a value in the equation given. It might look confusing, but don't be scared- it's actually not as difficult as it appears! First off, we know that t represents the number of seconds passed after an object is launched upward. But what if no time has passed yet? This would mean that t = 0. Here's what happens to the equation when we plug in 0 for t: h(0) = -16(0)2 + 110(0) + 72 h(0) = 0 + 0 + 72 h(0) = 72 As we can see, before the object is even launched, it has a height of 72 feet. This means that 72 must represent the initial height, in feet, of the object, or answer choice (A). 4. You might be tempted to draw a diagram for this problem since it's talking about a pool (rectangle), but it's actually quicker to just look at the numbers given and work from there. We know that the pool currently holds 600 gallons of water and that water has been hosed into it at a rate of 8 gallons a minute for a total of 70 minutes. To find the amount of water in the pool now, we'll have to first solve for the amount of water added to the pool by hose. We know that 8 gallons were added each minute for 70 minutes, so all we have to do is multiply 8 by 70: 8 * 70 = 560 gallons This tells us that 560 gallons of water were added to our already-filled, 600-gallon pool. To find the total amount of water, then, we simply add these two numbers together: 560 + 600 = 1160 The correct answer is 1160. Aaaaaaaaaaand time for a nap. Key Takeaways: Making Sense of SAT Math Word Problems Word problems make up a significant portion of the SAT Math section, so it’s a good idea to understand how they work and how to translate the words on the page into a proper expression or equation.But this is still only half the battle. Though you won’t know how to solve a word problem if you don’t know what a product is or how to draw a right triangle, you also won’t know how to solve a word problem aboutratios if you don’t know how ratios work. Therefore, be sure to learn not only how to approach math word problems as a whole, but also how to narrow your focus on any SAT Math topics you need help with. You can find links to all of our SAT Math topic guideshereto help you in your studies. What’s Next? Want to brush up on SAT Math topics? Check out our individual math guides to get an overview of each and every topic on SAT Math. From polygonsandslopestoprobabilitiesandsequences, we've got you covered! Running out of time on the SAT Math section? We have the know-how to help you beat the clock and maximize your score. Been procrastinating on your SAT studying? Learn how you can overcome your desire to procrastinate and make a well-balanced prep plan. Trying to get a perfect SAT score? Take a look at our guide to getting a perfect 800 on SAT Math, written by a perfect scorer. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this Math strategy guide, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands ofpractice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. 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Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 9

Ethics - Essay Example This may be problematic for the healthcare personnel to diagnose the actual disease a patient will be suffering from, and it may be difficult to apply proper medication to the patient. This is dangerous since it can be harmful to the patient in the long run. However, there are certain instances where breach of confidentiality can be viewed in a positive light. If a patient, particularly an adolescent, is diagnosed with a disease that can be harmful to him or her, then there is a need for breach of confidentiality if it is necessary for the parents to know the case. If the disease is also a threat to the community at large, then it may be imperative for the healthcare practitioner to breach confidentiality. In this particular case, Hathaway believes that harm will come to Andrea who has been diagnosed with cervical cancer unless the parents are informed of the diagnosis of the disease. The problem is that the patient is minor, hence she may not follow proper channels of having the dis ease cured unless her parents are informed. It is also difficult in different healthcare systems in the US for a minor to be treated with such disease without parental consent. Therefore, for the benefit of the minor in this case, it will be ideal to breach confidentiality. 2. ... The case of cervical cancer can pose a threat to public health if it is not controlled. Therefore, measures should be taken in order to ensure that public health is not negatively affected, hence the reason to breach the principle of confidentiality. The virtue theory, on the other hand, talks about what a good person will do in certain circumstances in life (1). In this case, a good person will take measures that are meant to protect the patient as well as the community at large. Any action that is beneficial to the community and the patient is appropriate though it may entail that confidentiality will be breached. These two ethical theories give the healthcare practitioner a leeway to make positive decisions though they may be in breach of confidentiality. 3. In order to address the dilemma presented in this particular case study, there are different stages that can be taken. First and foremost, it is imperative to diagnose the situation and identify all the problems associated wit h the scenario. It is important to gather as much information as possible about this particular problem so as to be in a better position to gain an insight into it. Having identified the problem, it becomes important to try to come up with as many solutions as possible to the problem identified. Once the probable solutions have been identified, the healthcare professional involved can then take the opportunity to select the best possible solutions that are likely to yield the best results from taking that particular course of action. When the best solution has been found, then it can be implemented in order to address the situation. However, implementing the decision is not an end in itself but part of an ongoing process. For instance, it will be important to

Urban Water Cycle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Urban Water Cycle - Essay Example The Consent Decree does not contain a completed schedule both for upgrades and construction. In other words, the Decree is not by all means a full resolution of claimed violations. In the Decree, Akron is required to submit an updated long-term control plan detailing the construction of every project. Akron was required to upgrade its Water Pollution Control station so as attain a minimum secondary treatment capacity of 130 million daily by not later than October, 15, 2017. In the same way, Akron was also needed to separate the sewers for the combined sewer outflow outfalls at Racks 8, 13, 21, and 25, as well as 30 within eight years of lodging the decree. The city was imposed with fines amounting to more than $1 billion for more than 4,000 violations of the federal Clean Water Act over the years (Davidson, ‎Howard and ‎Jacobs 825). Therefore, the courts held that the decree as not fair, adequate, reasonable, and in the best interests of the public. The ruling implies tha t rates of more than 300,000 Akron together with the suburban residents who make use of the city’s sewer system would be boosted on a less expensive plan. The sewer clean-up was necessary since it was a threat to the ecosystem of the Cuyahoga Valley National Park. Cleveland area is also dealing with the same problem. The Akron/Cleveland CSO area covers about 167 square miles and includes majority of the Akron metropolitan area. The population is about 352,000. When it rains heavily, the industrial and domestic wastewater exceeds the capacity of the Akron Waste Water Treatment overflowing into the Ohio Canal, Little Cuyahoga River, Cuyahoga River, and Camp Brook. It may cost the City of Akron about $1.4 billion to implement its long-term control plan. In the plan, the green infrastructure would reduce the storm water from getting into the sewers. They would rely

When You Comin Back, Red Ryder Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

When You Comin Back, Red Ryder - Movie Review Example This play incorporates a set of the 1950s with the costumes and vehicles to match together with characters that play their roles perfectly to depict the tone and reach out to the audience splendidly. The choice of vehicles by the director gives the play a better dimension with each vehicle representing a different class according to its owners. The director of the play uses an old vehicle which needs repair and is pushed by the young couple to depict the class of the couple while the old couple uses a good and well-maintained vehicle which we see Stephen sneaking into and imagining it to be his own. The comment made by Lyle on the play that Stephen can only leave the town once he has bought his mother a vehicle also shows the use of the motor vehicle to show class in the play. The costumes which were used in the play also were well chosen and thought out by the director with every character given a costume matching his/her role in the play. The waitress in the diner is given a uniform which is typical of the waitresses in a diner and also the size and shape depict the 1950s. the old couple is well dressed while the young couple is out of sorts in their dressing and the hairstyles all look well chosen to fit the setting. Stephen and Lyle, on the other hand, have costumes which match their status with Stephen being dressed in a pair of jeans and a shirt while Lyle is dressed in old canvas trousers and a cowboy hat. According to Hoffman (Hoffman, 18) asserts that a character should be serious as he does not know its funny (unless joking). This is well depicted in the play especially the waitress Angel who is acting mousy and her behavior throughout the play in her behavior and lack of understanding any sarcasm by the other actors in the play. The attitude by Stephen towards the clients coming into the diner is also of note as he does not approve of any client and treats them with a bad attitude. Â  

Causes of the American Civil War

Causes of the American Civil War The United States maintain their position of the world as the strongest, most influential country for many decades. Observing their history closely, we can see that they had gone through many ups and downs, and harsh yet necessary battles within the nation and with other countries. In order to examine the Civil War and reconstruction of the United States, we need to understand the causes of the war, what happened during the war, and the changes that the war had brought. I believe that the Civil War of 1861 played a significant role in building the stronger nation; likewise, I will discuss three major causes of the war which are the slavery, the conflicts between the North and South states, and the Presidential election of 1860 describe how dreadful the war was, and how the slavery, the relationship among the states, and the economic and political situation changed after the war. Moreover, I will present my own views on the Civil war. First, the slavery was one of the greatest causes of the Civil War. The Slavery in all across North America has had existed for 168 years. Eventually, by 1804, most of the Northern states abolished slavery institution, but the invention of cotton gin in 1793 increased the use of slaves in the South and the slavery became very important for the South. Before the Civil War, the tension between the North and the South was invested in Slavery. The North was insisting that America should become free country and need to industrialize the South. On the other hand, the South was opposing the North by being pro-slavery for their agricultural industry. The U.S. Constitution was clearly permitting slavery even though the document did not include the words slaves and slavery. For example, in U.S. Constitution Section 2 of Article IV said held to Service or Labor in one State, under the Laws thereof, escaping into another (Constitution On Slavery). It shows the fugitive slaves must be returned to their owners. Moreover, the Bill of Rights in 1791 did not mention about slavery, yet on the Fifth Amendment, it says Be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law (Constitution On Slavery). According to the Fifth Amendment, the slaveholders were given an absolute right to take their property with them. Since the slaves were equaled properties, they could take their slaves even to the free Northern states. It developed into negative conflicts between the North and the South. However, America gained huge part of the West from the victory in the War with Mexico, including California, Utah Territory and New Mexico Territory. In Addition, the amount of gold that was discovered in California was huge and it led the Gold Rush in America, which did not last for long. The issue of whether the new states in the West should be opened to slavery or should be free from the slavery brought a big political confusion. The state of California was extremely important for the both powers. The North was asserting completely opposite opinions from that of the South. Since California got so much richer quickly, if the slavery in California got abolished, the South states would significantly lose their political and economic power. In contrast, if the slavery got permitted and protected by the federal government, the South states would be able to gain more power. The South was saying that they would leave the Union if California becomes a free state. Eventually, the issue drove the South to assert their opinion, which was to elect two different presidents between the North and the South The old compromiser Henry Clay addressed the Compromise of 1850 in order to keep the peace between the two different powers. Clay, Calhoun, and Webster proposed that California should be admitted as a free state, and while the slave holding could be legally admitted, the Slave trade should be abolished in Washington D.C. For the South states, they offered stronger fugitive slave act, which was to return the runaway slaves back to their owners by using force. Also, the other new territories in the west such as New Mexico and Utah were opened to slavery (Keesee 265). The Compromise of 1850 was debated for around 8 months and finally passed. The president Taylor disagreed with the Compromise, saying that it could divide the territories and extend slavery. His anticipation turned into reality when the fugitive slave act brought a counter result, awakening people in the North about the slavery issue. Likewise, the Whigs party changed their name as the Republicans. After the Compromise of 1850, another controversy arose when the Kansas-Nebraska Act was proposed. Senator Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois envisioned constructing a transcontinental railroad which connects the East and the West, and the railroad had to go through the unorganized part of the Louisiana Purchase. When the region required an organized government for the construction, many Southerners resisted territorial organization; hence, Douglas sought to win Southern support for his railroad by a clever piece of legislation (Keesee 270), which was the Kansas-Nebraska Act. The Act stated that Kansas and Nebraska states would choose on the status of slavery for themselves, and the Southerners welcomed this idea because they want to expand the slavery. Also, the South and the North both wanted those states in order to gain more power in the House of Representatives. The Kansas-Nebraska Act resulted in two events which eventually destroyed Democratic dominance of American politics: the rise of the Republican Party and a virtual civil war in Kansas (Keesee 270). In an attempt to win the region, proslavery border ruffians from Missouri and antislavery free-staters clashed in Kansas. On May 21, 1856, border ruffians ransacked the town of Lawrence, Kansas, which was known to be a staunch free-state area. (Martin), and the fighting known as Bleeding Kansas had begun. The brutal attack happened in Lawrence triggered another outrageous event. One of the most publicized events that occurred in Kansas was Brooks-Sumner Episode (Keesee 272). In Washington D.C., Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts, representing the angry North, made a speech that apparently disdaining and criticizing Andrew Butler, a senator of South Carolina. As a consequence, Preston Brooks, a relative of Butlers, got angry and confronted Sumner. Brooks hit him repeatedly with a cane (Keesee 272) and Sumner got badly injured. This scandalous event worsened the conflicts between the North and the South, and led to a violent solution. Furthermore, the event which finally triggered the Civil War was the Election of 1860. The Presidential Election of 1860 contained four presidential candidates from different parties: Stephan Douglas, John C. Breckinridge, Abraham Lincoln and John Bell. The Northern Democrats nominated Stephan Douglas and the Southern Democrats nominated John C. Breckinridge. John Bell was nominated by the Constitutional Union Party. In the end, Abraham Lincoln who was representing the Republicans got the most votes. When Lincoln got elected as the President of the U.S., the secession began. Leaders in the Deep South had insisted that if Lincoln won, they would not submit themselves to what they considered a hostile, strictly Northern party; likewise they would secede, or leave the Union (Keesee 280). On December 20th of 1860, the first Ordinance of Secession began by South Carolina. South Carolina declared independency by leaving the Union, and other Southern states considered following South Carolinas path. Ultimately, the 10 other states from the South joined South Carolina by 1861, under the name of Confederate States of America [C.S.A]. Jefferson Davis, a Senator from Mississippi was elected as the president of C.S.A. Southern diarist Mary Boykin Chesnut wrote, We are divorced, North and South, because we have hated each other so (South Carolina Secedes). Secondly, as the Union and the Confederates were separated, they began the bloodiest war of the U.S. History. The Union was willing to force the Confederates to rejoin, but the Confederates kept refusing. However, on March 5, 1861, the Fort Sumter in Charlestown Harbor, South Carolina was in need of supplies. Abraham Lincoln was notified by Robert Anderson, the Commander of the Fort, saying that they had less than a six week supply of food left in fort (Fort Sumter). In Addition, the Fort Sumter was located in C.S.A. governed area, so the Confederates wanted the Fort to be evacuated. Consequently, the General P.G.T. Beauregard, the Commander of Charlestown was ordered by Confederate government to clear out the Fort. Anderson announced to Beauregard that the Fort will evacuate by noon on April 15 unless the additional supplies arrive. Beauregard replied that the announcement was unacceptable and stated that their guns will no longer hold fire more than an hour. On April 12th, 1861, the Confederate soldiers began to fire, and even though the Fort did not have enough supplies of food nor guns, they bravely defended over 30 hours. At last, they surrendered and went back to the North. (Fort Sumter) The battle was not slaughter because the soldiers from both sides did not die or seriously injured; however, the Battle of Fort Sumter significantly gave rise to the most slaughter and violent war of U.S. History. The Civil War began with the Battle of Fort Sumter. As the time passed on, the War got more violent and serious. Brothers killed each other and thousands of men died. The War had numerous battles yet the Battle of Gettysburg was the most significant battle of all. Lincoln addressed the Union army to surround the little town of Gettysburg in order to defend the Confederates. On July 1st, 1864, the Battle began. General Robert E. Lee was in charge of the Union army and Maj. Gen. George Gordon Meade was in charge of the Confederate army. On the first day of the battle, Union army was forced to retreat to south of Gettysburg. Moreover, they retreated up to the hills, which gave them an important advantage to possibly win the battle. On the third day, the Union army ruled the battle by successfully defending Confederates sudden attack with 12,500 soldiers. The Confederates were defeated and retreated to Virginia (Borade). Eventually, the Union won the battle by pushing the Confederates back to the South. In fact, both sides had close number of casualties. As a result, 51,000 casualties from both side and 28,000 were Confederates (Kelly). It was the bloodiest battle of all the other battles during the Civil War. Also, it was the climax of the War and a key battle for the Union to conclude the whole War. On April 3, Richmond fell to Union troops as Robert E. Lee led his Army of Northern Virginia in retreat to the West pursued by Grant and the Army of the Potomac. A running battle ensued as each Army moved farther to the West in an effort to oust flank, or prevent being out flanked by the enemy. Finally, on April 7, General Grant initiated a series of dispatches leading to a meeting between the two commanders (Surrender at Appomattox, 1865). According to the text, Lee eventually retreated back to the South and finally gave up on the Civil War. On April 9th, 1865, Lee and Grant met at Appomattox Court House. Grant suggested Lee to surrender and offered a chance to surrender with honor. The Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered 26,765 troops of the Army of Northern Virginia with honor (Lee Surrenders to Grant at Appomattox, Ending Civil War). Thirdly, on 1865, the congress passed the 13th Amendment which abolished slavery. The victory of the Union gave them power to free all the blacks across America. The government of U.S. had to reconstruct the whole country. Unfortunately, they faced other difficulties on legislating laws to give full citizen ships to the all freed blacks. Confederate defeat and the end of slavery brought far-reaching changes in the lives of all Southerners. The destruction of slavery led inevitably to conflict between blacks seeking to breathe substantive meaning into their freedom by asserting their independence from white control, and whites seeking to retain as much as possible of the old order. The meaning of freedom itself became a point of conflict in the Reconstruction South. Former slaves relished the opportunity to flaunt their liberation from the innumerable regulations of slavery. Immediately after the Civil War, they sought to give meaning to freedom by reuniting families separated under slavery, establishing their own churches and schools, seeking economic autonomy, and demanding equal civil and political rights (Americas Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War). The slaves got the freedom and privileges that they always dreamed about, but they also faced on the harsh discriminations. The increasing discriminations were the white Southerners response to the end of slavery. The discriminations were getting seriously violence and the Ku Klux Klan appeared in 1866. Schools, churches, and other community institutions, symbols of black freedom, became the targets of violence, as well as private homes and individual African-Americans (Americas Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War). It was not easy for the nation to combine together again when they were separated and had the bloodiest War in the history. During the Reconstruction period, President Andrew Johnsons plan was rejected by the Congress. Eventually, the Reconstruction Acts of 1867 was passes over President Johnsons veto on March 2nd. Johnsons veto of these measures moved many moderates into the radical camp, and inaugurated a bitter conflict over control of Reconstruction policy, which culminated in 1868 when he was nearly removed from office by impeachment (Americas Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War). The 14th Amendment and the 15th Amendment were each ratified on 1868 and 1870 by the Congress. By the end of the Reconstruction, when Souths violent discriminations and terrorisms would not stop, the North retreated from having responsibility of equality. After the War, the North was on the way with industrial revolution. The Civil War resulted differently in the North than in the South. Unexpectedly, their economy apparently benefited from the War. Instead of fighting in battles, they had rebuilding to do. There were new markets for products used by the Union Army. Northern factories were producing more than ever before. Booming factories meant that bankers and investors were making profits. This money supported new inventions and better ways to produce goods. New technologies sprouted from this period of growth. While the Civil War was in progress, Cyrus Fields of Massachusetts developed the first trans-Atlantic telegraph cable. The cable was laid on the ocean floor in 1866. At this same time, Christopher Sholes invented the typewriter. Alexander Bell developed the telephone, testing it successfully in 1876. Thomas Edison was experimenting with the phonograph and the light bulb. Both these inventions were made public in the 1870s as well. During the war, the need for weapons and other metal products had caused a boost in steel production. Raw materials were plentiful. Now, mining and refining of metals became the backbone of Northern industry. (Robinson) Nowadays, people think of America as a country full of freedom. Slavery was a terrible condition and nobody wanted to be under the condition. The Civil War ended and brought freedom to nearly 8 million slaves. It also brought a dramatic transition from slavery to citizen ship. The Civil War was inevitable and necessary since there were the anti-slavery Northerners and the pro-slavery Southerners existed in the same country. Slavery must have been banned because all human beings are created equally and should be treated equally. The United States 16th President Abraham Lincoln said, As I would not be a slave, so I would not be a master. This expresses my idea of democracy (LINCOLNS DEFINITION OF DEMOCRACY As He Would Not Be a Slave, So He Would Not Be a Master. Article NYTimes.com). Lincoln was elected in the year of 1860. He was also the President of the Union side and kept his position during the Civil war. He was legendary and famously known as the Father of the United States of America. People say that Abraham Lincoln blew in freedom to the country by purposing freedom of the slaves. In Conclusion, The Civil War was caused because of the slavery, numerous conflicts between the North and the South and the Secession of 11 States eventually caused by the Election of 1860. I believe that the Civil War of 1861 played a significant role in building the stronger nation because it gave freedom to the country by freeing slaves, the outer conflicts between the North and South states were concluded by Unions victory, and the War affected positively on the Industrial Revolution of the America. By observing the Civil War, we can learn that the War within the nation night be necessary in building stronger and more stable nation. In fact, the United States of America has the strongest position in the world now.